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Abstract: The extraction of the critical metal Sc from oxidic or halogenous compounds is challenging due to the metal's high affinity to F, Cl or O and its physical properties, such as low density and high melting point that pose high demands concerning processing techniques. We applied the principles of metallothermy, supported by induction heating in a vacuum induction furnace (VIM) in order to extract Al-Sc master alloys with Sc contents far above commercially available materials. The reduction of ScF3 with Al is found to be the most advantageous as it may be applied in conventional VIM with minor modifications, with the desired all-liquid product with Sc contents > 12 wt%. We designed a process scheme in which ScF3 is charged semi-continously to ensure maximum extraction efficiency with successive pressure adjustment taking into account the vapor pressure of the fluoridic side-product. Besides the technical feasability of the extraction route, the process kinetics are investigated and boundary conditions necessary for an efficient in-situ extraction of Al-Sc using advanced analysis methods. In the interface between the reactants, the formation of AlF3 plays a crucial role as its evaporation accelerates the extraction dramatically.
Abstract: The extraction of the critical metal Sc from oxidic or halogenous compounds is challenging due to the metal's high affinity to F, Cl or O and its physical properties, such as low density and high melting point that pose high demands concerning processing techniques. We applied the principles of metallothermy, supported by induction heating in a vacuum induction furnace (VIM) in order to extract Al-Sc master alloys with Sc contents far above commercially available materials. The reduction of ScF3 with Al is found to be the most advantageous as it may be applied in conventional VIM with minor modifications, with the desired all-liquid product with Sc contents > 12 wt%. We designed a process scheme in which ScF3 is charged semi-continously to ensure maximum extraction efficiency with successive pressure adjustment taking into account the vapor pressure of the fluoridic side-product. Besides the technical feasability of the extraction route, the process kinetics are investigated and boundary conditions necessary for an efficient in-situ extraction of Al-Sc using advanced analysis methods. In the interface between the reactants, the formation of AlF3 plays a crucial role as its evaporation accelerates the extraction dramatically.
Synthesis of Al-Sc Master Alloys Through Induction Supported High Temperature Synthesis - Process Kinetics and Technical Feasibility
Frederic Brinkmann
Abstract
Discussion Forum (0)
Abstract: The extraction of the critical metal Sc from oxidic or halogenous compounds is challenging due to the metal's high affinity to F, Cl or O and its physical properties, such as low density and high melting point that pose high demands concerning processing techniques. We applied the principles of metallothermy, supported by induction heating in a vacuum induction furnace (VIM) in order to extract Al-Sc master alloys with Sc contents far above commercially available materials. The reduction of ScF3 with Al is found to be the most advantageous as it may be applied in conventional VIM with minor modifications, with the desired all-liquid product with Sc contents > 12 wt%. We designed a process scheme in which ScF3 is charged semi-continously to ensure maximum extraction efficiency with successive pressure adjustment taking into account the vapor pressure of the fluoridic side-product. Besides the technical feasability of the extraction route, the process kinetics are investigated and boundary conditions necessary for an efficient in-situ extraction of Al-Sc using advanced analysis methods. In the interface between the reactants, the formation of AlF3 plays a crucial role as its evaporation accelerates the extraction dramatically.
Abstract: The extraction of the critical metal Sc from oxidic or halogenous compounds is challenging due to the metal's high affinity to F, Cl or O and its physical properties, such as low density and high melting point that pose high demands concerning processing techniques. We applied the principles of metallothermy, supported by induction heating in a vacuum induction furnace (VIM) in order to extract Al-Sc master alloys with Sc contents far above commercially available materials. The reduction of ScF3 with Al is found to be the most advantageous as it may be applied in conventional VIM with minor modifications, with the desired all-liquid product with Sc contents > 12 wt%. We designed a process scheme in which ScF3 is charged semi-continously to ensure maximum extraction efficiency with successive pressure adjustment taking into account the vapor pressure of the fluoridic side-product. Besides the technical feasability of the extraction route, the process kinetics are investigated and boundary conditions necessary for an efficient in-situ extraction of Al-Sc using advanced analysis methods. In the interface between the reactants, the formation of AlF3 plays a crucial role as its evaporation accelerates the extraction dramatically.
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